WHAT IS TCP / IP

tcp\ip protocol or TCP / IP MODEL

First, TCP is the Transmission Control Protocol, and IP is the Internet Protocol

This protocol was developed by the DoD, an agency of the Department of Defense. TCP/IP is a standard form of communication. TCP handles transport addresses for data and IP addresses.

The TCP/IP suite is a set of protocols, including TCP, UDP, ARP, DNS, HTTP, ICMP, which is powerful, flexible, and often used to connect computers over the Internet.

Layers, TCP/IP, are:

1- Network interface layer

2-layer internet

3- Transport layer

4- Application layer

This protocol is one of the most important protocols and it is short for TCP/IP: Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol

It is a set of communication protocols that connect devices within a network to the Internet. A protocol is a set of rules, instructions, or procedures through which a specific task can be performed.
TCP/IP defines how data and information are exchanged over the Internet by providing end-to-end communications that define how data is broken down into smaller packets before it is sent across the Internet, processed, transmitted, routed, put back together in the correct order again, and reached its intended destination.
Each protocol performs a specific function. TCP defines how applications establish communication channels across the network. It also manages how the message is packaged into smaller packets before being sent across the Internet and reassembled in the correct order at the destination address.


As for the IP, it gives an address and root for each packet to ensure that the data packets reach the right place

What is the difference between OSI and TCP/IP?

OSI is an acronym for Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) model, and it is a conceptual model that enables different communication systems to communicate with each other through certain protocols, that is, it is the universal language between computer networks to communicate with each other, and this contains The model has 7 layers, or what is called in English the 7 layers, among these layers there is the layer called The Transport Layer, which is layer number 4 in this model, and through this layer, data and information are sent using the transport protocols TCP and The UDP, and with this information you know that the TCP / IP protocol is part of the OSI model and is indispensable within this model.



The main differences between the TCP/IP protocol and the OSI model
1- OSI is a conceptual model and TCP/IP is a client-server model
2- TCP / IP is a standard protocol that is used for every network including the Internet, OSI is not a protocol but it is a reference model and is used to design and understand the system architecture
3- TCP/IP is a four-layer model, while OSI has seven layers.
4- TCP / IP follows a vertical approach. The OSI model supports a horizontal approach.
5- TCP/IP protocol is tangible while OSI is not.
6- TCP / IP follows a top-down approach, while the OSI model follows a bottom-up approach.

How many layers in tcp ip protocol?

Layers of the protocol (TCP/IP) TCP/IP - LAYERS

APPLICATION LAYER ((HTTP,FTP))

TRANSPORT LAYER (( TCP, UDP ))

INTERNET LAYER ((IP, ICMP, IGMP, ARP))

NETWORK INTERFACE LAYER ((ATM, ETHERNET))